Include a language when it adds useful context
Add a language when the job requires it, the employer serves speakers of it, or it is a capability you could use in the role. Read the posting closely, then decide whether it warrants a dedicated Languages section or belongs within Skills.
Do not list a language just because you studied it briefly or recognize a few phrases. The useful test is whether you could handle the kind of conversation, reading, writing, or work task the role might require.
Describe your level in plain, defensible terms
Put the language and a concise proficiency description together, such as Spanish — professional working proficiency or French — conversational. Choose language you can explain with specific examples rather than relying on a bare claim of fluency.
Think about the actual task. Someone may be comfortable reading documentation but not leading a client meeting, or able to speak casually but not write formal reports. If that distinction matters for the target role, clarify it briefly in an interview or work sample instead of overstating the resume entry.
Give important language ability a visible home
For most applications, a short Languages line in Skills is enough. If bilingual communication is a core qualification, use a dedicated Languages section and support it with relevant experience when you have it.
Avoid proficiency bars, flags, and self-scored graphics that do not explain what you can do. Before applying, say each language claim aloud and imagine a role-specific follow-up; revise the wording until the answer is accurate and comfortable.
Sources consulted
This guide is an original synthesis of the following career guidance. Read the source material for its full context.